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This article provides a new artificial intelligence (AI)–based perspective on the distinction between formal verification versus testing of software, and further, it discusses recent research on combining both approaches for cyberphysical systems. To gain a new AI–based perspective on these two approaches, researchers categorize them both as ’search’ and then see how they can select the most effective AI search algorithms for our specific problem among a wide range of available options. From that perspective, developers can design new and better adaptive verification schemes that mix and match the best features of formal methods and testing. The key benefit of search–based testing that led to it outperforming formal verification tools in our studies is the flexibility of its underlying search method.
